Spring Boot @Query Annotation | Custom Queries in Spring Data JPA

Learn how to use the @Query annotation in Spring Data JPA to define custom queries. Understand JPQL, native queries, named parameters, and best practices with examples.

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🚀 Introduction: What is the @Query Annotation in Spring Data JPA?

The @Query annotation in Spring Data JPA allows you to define custom database queries using JPQL (Java Persistence Query Language) or native SQL. It is useful when query methods (findByName, findByEmail) are not enough to meet complex requirements.

✅ Key Features of @Query:
✔ Supports JPQL (Object-oriented queries) and native SQL queries.
✔ Allows dynamic query execution with parameters.
✔ Works with named parameters (:param) and positional parameters (?1).
✔ Improves performance by executing optimized queries.

📌 In this guide, you’ll learn:
✅ How to use @Query for JPQL and native SQL queries.
✅ How to use named and positional parameters in queries.
✅ Best practices for writing efficient queries.